A smoke detector is a critical device used for fire detection and early warning in buildings. It senses smoke particles in the air and triggers an alarm to alert occupants of potential fire hazards. Smoke detectors are typically installed on ceilings or walls in various areas of a building, including bedrooms, hallways, and common areas. They operate using optical sensors (photoelectric) or ionization chambers to detect smoke, initiating a response that can include sounding an alarm, activating sprinkler systems, or notifying emergency services. Smoke detectors are essential for fire safety, providing crucial early detection to facilitate timely evacuation and minimize property damage and injuries during fire emergencies.